ZNAČAJ PREVENTIVNE STOMATOLOŠKE ZDRAVSTVENE ZAŠTITE DECE SA RETKIM BOLESTIMA
Ključne reči:
retka bolest,, deca,, oralna higijena, preventivna stomatologijaApstrakt
Retke bolesti su hronična, po život opasna stanja koja pogađaju ne više od 5 na 10 000 osoba. Uključuju izuzetno heterogenu grupu progresivnih i degenerativnih bolesti. Svaka od njih ima jedinstvenu kliničku manifestaciju koja može uključivati anatomske, fiziološke i/ili neurološke poremećaje imože biti praćena i promenama na različitim delovima tela. Identifikovano je preko 7000 retkih bolesti od kojih je oko 15% njih povezano sa orofacijalnim anomalijama. Prvi simptomi se obično javljaju tokom najranijeg detinjstva. Precizna dijagnoza retkih bolesti uglavnom zahteva dug vremenski period. Shodno tome, terapija je složena i zahteva multidisciplinarni pristup.
Karijes i gingivo-parodontalna oboljenja su veoma česta oralna oboljenja kod velike većine dece sa retkim bolestima i zahtevaju blagovremenu terapiju. Nažalost, pomoć dečjeg stomatologa se uglavnom traži u stadijumu uznapredovale bolesti i prisutnih komplikacija, kada je potreban složen, invazivan, uglavnom visoko rizičan dentalni tretman. On zahteva strogo individualni plan terapije sa multidisciplinarnim pristupom i predstavlja veliki izazov za dečije stomatologe. Za njegovu efikasnost potrebno je da dečji stomatolog dobro poznaje kliničku manifestacije retke bolesti, što često nije jednostavno. Stoga, deca sa retkim bolestima predstavljaju visoko vulnerabilnu populaciju koja nužno zahteva da bude adekvatno sagledana u oblasti preventivne stomatološke zdravstvene zaštite. Time bi se mogle izbeći brojne komplikacije i njihov negativan uticaj na kvalitet života ove dece ali i njihovih porodica.
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