NOVINE U NEINVAZIVNOJ DIJAGNOSTICI PEDIJATRIJSKE ASTME – KLJUČ RANE PREVENCIJE
Ključne reči:
pedijatrijska astma, dijagnostika, monitoringApstrakt
U rutinskoj kliničkoj praksi, dijagnoza astme kod dece se uglavnom zasniva na kliničkim kriterijumima. S druge strane u novije vreme procena fizioloških i patoloških procesa putem biomarkera, može podržati dijagnozu astme, pomoći u praćenju i poboljšati ishode lečenja i smanjiti stopu morbiditeta. Identifikacija i validacija biomarkera u pedijatrijskoj astmi pojavila se kao glavni prioritet među vodećim stručnjacima, istraživačima i kliničarima. Upotreba neinvazivnih biomarkera je veoma podržana u nedavnim smernicama za dijagnozu astme kod adultnih pacijenata, sa druge strane kada je u pitanju pedijatrijska populacija podaci su i dalje poprilično ograničeni. Najviše proučavani biomarkeri uključuju spirometrijske parametre, markere alergijske senzibilizacije i frakcioni izdahnuti azotni oksid (FeNO). Noviji markeri mereni u izdahnutom vazduhu i „omični“ pristupi daju informacije o specifičnim fenotipovima astme, međutim, njihova klinička primenljivost je još uvek nedovoljno razjašnjena. Ovaj pregledni rad ima za cilj da sumira i diskutuje dostupne podatke o primeni neinvazivnih biomarkera u dijagnostici i praćenju dece sa astmom, što je osnovni kriterijum za prevenciju kasnijih komplikacija.
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