UTICAJ IZLOŽENOSTI DUVANSKOM DIMU NA PREVALENCIJU SIMPTOMA ALERGIJSKIH OBOLJENJA KOD DECE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/PP180312011DKljučne reči:
astma, alergijski rinitis, ekcem, prevalencija, duvanski dim, decaApstrakt
vod: Prenatalna i postnatalna izloženost duvanskom dimu generalno se smatra važnim faktorom rizika za razvoj respiratornih simptoma i astme, naročito u ranoj životnoj dobi. Deca izložena duvanskom dimu imaju statistički značajno veću prevalenciju simptoma alergijskih bolesti.
Cilj rada: Cilj ove studije bio je utvrdi uticaj izloženosti duvanskom dimu u životnoj sredini na prevalenciju simptoma alergijskih bolesti kod dece u dobi od 6 do 15 godina u Republici Srpskoj.
Metode rada: Naša studija provedena je kao studija preseka i obuhvatila je 3.000 dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina iz 13 osnovnih škola u Republici Srpskoj. Simptomi alergijskih bolesti i izloženost duvanskom dimu u životnoj sredini su procenjivani upitnikom, koji su popunjavali roditelji.
Rezultati: Pušenje tokom trudnoće prijavilo je 9,2% učesnika. Deca su klasifikovana u dve grupe prema statusu pušenja ukućana: ni jedan (54,8%) i >1 (45,2%). Deca nisu bila izložena duvanskom dimu (62,9%) ili su u ovim prostorijama provodila kratko vreme (<1 sata 17,4%, 1-5 sati 14,4%, >5 sati 5,3%). Kod dece koja su bila izložena duvanskom dimu zabeležena je veća učestalost vizinga (9,5%), alergijskog rinitisa (28,0%) i ekcema (6,9%) od neizložene dece (7,7%, 21,4% i 3,9 %, redom).
Zaključak: Ukratko, naši rezultati podržavaju potrebu za javnom politikom sa ciljem zaštite dece od izloženosti duvanskom dimu u njihovom okruženju. Potrebne su dodatne studije kako bi se razjasnila povezanost između izloženosti duvanskom dimu i alergijskih bolesti u detinjstvu.
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