EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IN MODERN SURGERY AND PREVENTION OF POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS
Keywords:
epidural anesthesia, surgery, analgesiaAbstract
Modern anaesthesiological practice enabled the rapid development of modern surgery. Over the last few years EA become one of the most popular anaesthetical procedure for operations in: vascular, cardiothoracic and abdominal surgery.
This type of anaesthesia is a central neuro blocade, and it begins by injecting the solution of local anesthetic in the epidural space of the thoracic, lumbar or sacral part of the spine. By placing a catheter into the epidural space opens the possibility of the continues analgesic effect.
Because of its advantages EA is more often used as a single procedure or in combination with other anaesthetical procedures in cardiovascular surgery, especially in peripheral vascular surgery.
The advatages, which positively affect the outcome oh treatment, are: the simpatic blocade that result in peripheral vasodilatation, conductive bloc which gives the complete analgesia and decreased neuro-endocrine stress response.
EA significantly decreases the possibility for postoperative complications (nausea, vomitus, pain) that can postpone the dismission for ambulatory patients.
Epidural anesthesia is usually a safe method, but, as in all medical procedures, side efects and complication may occur. In modern anesthesiological practice it is important to prevent them, recognise them in time and treat them adequatly to prevent more serious consequences.
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