POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING – RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION

Authors

  • Ivana Budić Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre Niš, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Serbia
  • Vesna Marjanović Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre Niš, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Serbia
  • Marija Stević University Children’s Clinic, Belgrade, Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dušica Simić University Children’s Clinic, Belgrade, Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46793/PP190319004B

Keywords:

anesthesia, nausea, vomiting, risk, prevention, child

Abstract

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) often occur in children and require prophylactic and therapeutic measures. PONV can be reduced by avoiding the use of inhalation anesthetics and by reducing postoperatively given opioids. Dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonists are considered basic prophylactic drugs. Surgical intervention that lasts for a long time, a type of surgical procedure (eg strabismus and certain otorhinolaryngological procedures) and PONV history are also considered risk factors that increase the incidence of PONV, while short procedures and ambulatory surgery are considered a low risk factor. Based on the assessment of low, medium or high risk, a single, double or triple (two drugs and total intravenous anesthesia) prophylaxis is determined. Droperidol and metoclopramide can only be recommended as supplemental therapy.

References

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Published

04/30/2019

Issue

Prev Ped 2019: 5(1-2)

Section

Review Articles