PERINATAL AUTOPSY AND PLACENTAL EXAMINATION AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION TO DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP AFTER A FETAL LOSS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46793/PP151014002OKeywords:
fetal autopsy, cause of death, placental examinationAbstract
Fetopathology is the study of fetal deaths or eventually developmental anomalies occurring during early or late pregnancy. The major objectives of the fetal or perinatal autopsy are to evaluate gestational age, document growth and development, detect congenital abnormalities, analyze clinical diagnosis and treatment and determine the cause of death and possible recurrence risk. It must be associated to the analysis of the placenta to respond to questions concerning the cause of death or risks of recurrence in a subsequent pregnancy. The analysis follows a well-developped protocol and the results have to be interpreted by a multidisciplinary group including the obstetrician, the genetist, the neonatologist and the pathologist.
References
Ernst LM, Gawron L, Fritsch MK. Pathologic examination of fetal and placental tissue obtained by dilation and evacuation Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med 2013; 137: 326-337
Ernst LM. A pathologist’s perspective on the perinatal autopsy. Seminars in Perinatology 2015; 30: 55-63
Meagher-Villemure K, Osterheld MC.La foetopathologie : son rôle. 2. Le fœtus : ses énigmes. Medecine et Hygiène 2001; 59: 2162-2168
Osterheld MC, Meagher-Villemure K. La foetopathologie : son rôle. 2. Le placenta : une interface. Medecine et Hygiène 2001; 59: 2171-2172
Olsen EO, Espeland A, Maartmann-Moe H et al. Diagnostic value of radiography in cases of perinatal death : a population based study. Arch. Dis. Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003; 88: 52-54
Arthurs OJ, Calder AD, Kiho L, Taylor AM, Sebire NJ. Routine perinatal and paediatric postmortem radiography : detection rates and implications for practice Pediatr. Radiol. 2014; 44(3): 252-257
Hansen K, Sung CJ, Huang C et al. Reference values for second trimester fetal and neonatal organ weights and measurements. Pediatr. Dev. Pathology 2003; 6: 160-167
Sankar VH, Phadke SR. Clinical utility of fetal autopsy and comparison with prenatal ultrasound findings. Journal of Perinatology 2006; 26: 224-229
Papp C, Szigcti Z, Jao JG, Toth-Pal E, Hajdu J, Papp Z. The role of perinatal autopsy in the management of pregnancies with major fetal trisomies Pathology-Research and Practice 2007; 203(7): 525-531
Uroos F, Rana S, Taukin K, Sufian Z. Fœtal autopsy-categories and causes of death. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2014; 8(10): 5-8
Regiani Bonetti L, Ferrari P et al. The role of fetal autopsy and placental examination in the causes of fetal death: a retrospective study of 132 cases of stillbirths. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2011; 283(2): 231-241
Menghrajani P, Osterheld MC. Significance of hemorrhagic endovasculitis in placentae from stillbirths. Pathol. Res. Pract. 2008; 204 (6): 389-394
Srinivas SK, Ernst LM, Edlow AG, Elovitz MA. Can placental pathology explain second-trimester outcomes ? Am. J. Obst. Gynecol. 2008; 199(4): 4021-4025
Quinn PA, Butany J, Chipman M et al. A prospective study of microbial infection in stillbirths and neonatal death. AJOG 1985; 151: 238-249
De Kriger PR, van Elsacker-Niele AMW, Mulder-Stapel A et al. Detection of Parvovirus B19 injection in first and second trimester fetal loss, Pediatr. Pathol. Lab. Med. 1998; 18: 23-24
Wainwright HC. My approach to performing a perinatal or neonatal autopsy. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2006; 59: 673-680
