KARAKTERISTIKE POVREDA ŠAKE U DEČJEM UZRASTU I MERE PREVENCIJE
Ključne reči:
povrede, šake, prevencija, decaApstrakt
Uvod: Povrede šake su jedne od najčešćih u detinjstvu sa koje se viđaju u hitnim hirurškim ambulantama dečjih bolnica. U slučaju nezgoda, ruka je deo tela koji se najčešće izbacuje kako bi se umanjile posledice, što dovodi do širokog spektra povreda kako mekih tkiva, tako i hrskavičavo-koštanih struktura
Cilj rada: Cilj rada bio je ukazati na karakteristike povreda šake, i ukazati na neophodnost razvoja programa prevencije istih.
Materijal i metode: Ovom retrospektivnom studijom obuhvaćeni su pacijenti uzrasta 17 godina i manje, ukupno 305 njih. Analiziralirani su: polna distribucija, uzrast pacijenata, vrsta povrede, tipove intervencija, dominantnu stranu povređivanja, zahvaćenost prstiju i njihov broj pri povredama šake, zastupljenost povreda fleksornih ili ekstenzornih tetiva, zastupljenost amputacija ili semiamputacija, lečenje primenom osteointetskog materijala i imobilizacije, kao i njihova procentualna zastupljenost.
Rezultati: Od ukupno 305 pacijenta, 240 je bilo dečaka i 65 devojčica. Kao najzastupljenija povreda ističe se sekcija tetive. Najzastupljeniji tipovi intervencija bili su tenorafija sa gipsanom imobilizacijom. Deca su nešto češće povređivala desnu ruku. Najveći broj njih je bio sa povredom jednog prsta, i to najvećom učestalošću V i III prsta. Značajno je bila veća zastupljenost povreda fleksornih tetiva u odnosu na ekstenzorne tetive. Semiamputacije su bile zastupljenije od kompletnih amputacija i amputacija vrha prsta.
Zaključak: Povrede šake su veoma čest uzrok morbiditeta u pedijatrijskog populaciji, i postoji širok spektar istih. Kako su većina povreda akcidentalnog tipa, adekvatnim preventivnim merama bi se njihova incidenca mogla smanjiti, te se upravo treba fokusirati na razvoj adekvatnog programa prevencije.
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